UTS Undergraduate Students Coming Back Stronger

Transcript

Hello, I'm Kylie Gillies from Channel 7. As a parent of a Year 12 student, Gus, I'm acutely aware that this is not the Year 12 journey that our family had hoped for him. Gus and his friends are not alone. The entire Year 12 community has been affected by the pandemic. The challenges and disruption to students' lives has been extraordinary.

Now, even before COVID-19, teenagers were the highest risk group for developing mental health problems. The latest research shows depression and anxiety have skyrocketed and many students are pessimistic about the future—a future that is now uncertain with higher unemployment levels and changes to travel and looming university studies.

Many Year 12s are struggling with motivation, disengagement and a lack of direction. As well as a constant pressure to achieve uni entrance scores, 2020 school leavers are grieving the loss of those Year 12 rites of passage—the fun stuff. We're talking school formals, end-of-year trips and celebrations that they've been looking forward to. And as parents, let me tell you that we share that disappointment.

I'm here today to tell you about a new mental health program specifically designed for Year 12 students called Coming Back Stronger. It aims to address these concerns and support students through the remainder of Year 12. Clinical psychologists from the Kidman Centre, University of Technology Sydney, have been working alongside Year 12 students for over a decade now. They've developed a one-hour program relying on evidence-based strategies that will help to build motivation and keep students on track for achieving their goals. There's also a seminar there for parents. We need to let our Year 12 kids know they're not alone. This is a free resource and can be accessed via this link. Please take a look. Let us help our amazing Year 12 kids get through what has been a really tough year.

[Cut to Jess, presenter, standing in a bright room with Kidman Centre branding visible.]

Hi everyone and welcome! I'm Jess and together with the Kidman Centre, we've put together this presentation specifically for you young people in senior school or university who are having to deal with the extraordinary, life-changing circumstances we find ourselves in due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We've got some great ideas and practical strategies in this video that will help you not just get through the current crisis, but will actually give you the skills to build your resilience, to learn how to increase your motivation, adopt good habits, and also discover a new mindset that will benefit you not just now, but for the rest of your life.

So, let's get started. Here's what we're going to cover today: First, let's get some perspective about why this is so tough and why it makes sense if you're unmotivated and stressed out. Then, we're going to look at what you're doing and thinking that may be getting in the way of you making progress and feeling okay. We're also going to explore why it's been so difficult to stick to goals, and I'm actually going to teach you some practical skills to help you get back on track. And then we're also going to talk about how to build resilience, how to look after yourself, get the support you need, and develop a new improved vision of yourself for the future.

Okay, sound good? There's also going to be a bunch of worksheets and resources that go along with this presentation. So, please make use of these and take the time to jot down your answers to the questions as we go through them, because we want to make this as interactive as possible.

[Cut to close-up of Jess.]

Okay, so first of all, let's just take a moment to acknowledge and reflect on the huge impact this global crisis of COVID-19 is having on every single one of us. Our world has turned upside down almost in an instant. None of us have had to deal with anything like this before, and frankly, it is devastating. Not only are there real fears about our health and safety, but we've been facing lockdowns and social isolation. We may sadly have lost people who are dear to us or worry about elderly relatives. We may have lost our jobs or our plans for the future. Our normal routines and supports, our pleasurable activities have been disrupted. We can't really plan for the future because we don't know what the future will look like next week, let alone next month or next year. It's crazy!

So, it's no wonder we're feeling anxious, stressed, unmotivated, sad, and maybe even depressed. And that's actually the same for all of us, no matter what age or stage of life we're at. But for you guys who are trying to finish your schooling or going through uni at this most critical time in your lives, it's doubly as hard. It completely sucks. You're already dealing with so much, and now you have a global pandemic to add to the mix. Great.

We talk to many students at the Kidman Centre, and so we know many of you are struggling to stay motivated and focused. It's hard not to worry about the future, and because of that, you might be having difficulty sleeping or getting back into a good routine. Maybe you've neglected your fitness or developed unhealthy eating habits. You may find yourself feeling angry and ripped off that your plans have had to change. Because the truth is, there's an understandable sense of loss and grief that's real in this situation. You can't hang out with your friends as much. You have no idea if your end-of-year celebrations will go ahead. All these important milestones that are part of your rite of passage into adulthood are in doubt.

So, learning to live with uncertainty is very hard for anyone, but when you're trying to plan for your future, it can feel overwhelming. My best advice is don't look too far ahead. We don't know what the future holds, and all that what-if thinking only breeds stress and anxiety. So, try to let go of the things that are outside your control, and try instead to focus on the things you do have some control over—how you think and what you do. And I'm going to show you how you can do that, how you can rise above even the most difficult of circumstances.

Now, the first thing I want to tell you is that how well you do in your study or in life is not the result of circumstances like a global pandemic or innate intelligence. Neuroscientists who study the brain and learning have discovered that neural connections grow and deepen most when we make mistakes or when we have to face difficult challenges. People tend to adopt one of two mindsets. The fixed mindset believes that you're either born smart or you're not. However, those in the growth mindset camp understand that the brain is actually like a muscle. It strengthens and grows as a direct result of making mistakes and learning from them, as a direct result of dealing with adversity and being challenged with complex problems. And this is exactly what you guys are all facing right now.

So, I really encourage you to develop a growth mindset and to understand that there are opportunities right here and now to come out of this smarter and stronger and to develop the skills you need to succeed.

So, you know that we can't change anything until we know what the problem is, right? Well, what I want you to do is just take a moment now to think about all the struggles you're having right now and jot them down on that first worksheet in front of you. For example, it could be trouble sticking to a study routine. It could be doing regular exercise, keeping your room tidy or eating healthy foods. And then if you can, note how that problem or struggle makes you feel, what feelings are coming up about that struggle, and also what you say to yourself about it—that little voice in your head that starts chattering away when you think about this issue.

I've given you an example there at the top. The problem is difficulty concentrating on study, which makes me feel frustrated and anxious. And in my head, I can hear myself saying things like, "It's all too hard, I might as well give up and just watch Netflix instead." Even if you can only think of one example, that's completely fine. Just try and jot something down. I'll give you a couple of minutes to do this.

[Visual: On-screen worksheet appears with space for students to write their struggles, feelings, and self-talk.]

Okay. So let's focus for a moment on the thinking or self-talk part of that exercise. What did you notice? Often when we're struggling with something, our self-talk becomes quite harsh and critical. We tend to blame ourselves for our problems and say things like, "What's wrong with me?", "I should totally be able to do this.", "It's too hard. I'm not smart enough.", "I might as well just give up.", "I'm just going to fail." Now, did you notice any of that in your own self-talk?

So in order to change, the first skill we have to develop is to change our thinking, our self-talk, because it's not always accurate and it's not always fair. And particularly now in this time of a global pandemic, we need to learn to be compassionate to ourselves, to talk to that worried, angry, scared part of us as if we're talking to our best friend, to accept that it's understandable to be struggling in these circumstances and that it's not our fault. That doesn't let you off the hook, by the way. It doesn't mean you can just lie on the couch all day and watch Netflix. It just means you can be kind to yourself in the situation you find yourself in, but also to take responsibility for building the skills to work through it.

Moving on to the next worksheet, you can see that there's a space for you to experiment with this, to try another more compassionate way of talking to yourself. Pick one of your current struggles and negative statements and imagine your best mate had just said this. What kind of supportive, encouraging words could you give back to them? What would you say to them? It might include something along the lines of, "You're going through a really tough time right now. You're not expected to have all the answers. This isn't your fault. Just focus on the small things that are in your control and don't look too far ahead," or something similar to that. I'm sure you can find some words that are supportive and encouraging. This is about practising being your own cheerleader, and it really helps! Again, have a go at this and I'll be back in a minute.

[Visual: On-screen worksheet appears for students to practise compassionate self-talk.]

Hopefully you were able to come up with a way of talking to yourself that's much kinder and actually, did you notice, probably more accurate? And maybe you even discovered that it makes you feel a little bit better when you talk to yourself with compassion and understanding, rather than beating yourself up. I can't stress enough how important it is to develop helpful self-talk, as it allows us to be proactive and feel good about ourselves.

It would be nice if it was just that simple to build motivation, but unfortunately, in order to change, it's not just our thoughts that keep us stuck. It's what we do or don't do—our behaviour, in other words.

Let me explain using an example of my own to help you understand. Okay, so because I had some extra time on my hands during the recent lockdown, I thought I'd learn a new skill, and so I enrolled in an online course. To be honest, I thought it wouldn't be too challenging, but it turns out it was much harder than I thought. So that was my struggle, trying to complete a course of study and making lots of mistakes. I was feeling frustrated and had thoughts like, "Why am I even bothering to do this anyway? What's the point?" So because of that, whenever I thought about sitting down and doing some study, I instead found other things to do that I preferred—going out for a coffee with a friend, checking Facebook, watching TV shows, even cleaning the house became preferable to pushing myself to do something hard. So basically, I was avoiding and procrastinating, and at the time it made me feel better because I was getting pleasure from those other activities, and I felt relief that I didn't have to struggle with something that really challenged me. But the long-term consequence was that I started to feel really bad about my lack of effort. I'd paid for the course and I was wasting my money. The deadlines were piling up, but the work wasn't getting done, which made me feel even more anxious. I was saying stuff like, "What's wrong with me? I'm so lazy. Why can't I just do it?" But the longer I left it, the harder it seemed to restart. So guess what? I'd just end up procrastinating some more and then feeling even worse. And so the cycle continued.

Now, this is the trap we all fall into when we struggle with motivation. It's easier to get the instant short-term rewards than to think about those longer-term consequences of the actions we take or don't take.

So thinking about that, can you think how that might relate to an example of yours from that first sheet you filled out? If so, pick one thing you're struggling with right now and see if you can use worksheet three to pinpoint how you typically deal with this problem. What do you do in the short-term and what effect does it have on solving the problem longer-term? So I'll give you a moment to reflect on that and jot down anything that comes to mind. You can always work more on this later in your own time, but just see if you can start to think about this for a minute or two, and then I'll be right back with you.

[Visual: On-screen worksheet appears for students to reflect on their habits.]

All right, welcome back. I hope you've made some discoveries about yourself and how your behaviour, the things that you typically do, can contribute to how easy or hard it is to solve the problems you're facing.

So, before we get into how to change this, how to build motivation and good habits, I want to remind you that you can do this by taking a look at our website, and I'll leave a link in the description below. So if you're new here, I encourage you to check out our website for how to build motivation and good habits.

Instead, let's talk about why we do this. Why do we procrastinate and get distracted so easily when it's clearly not an advantage longer-term and makes it harder to achieve our goals?

Basically, in a nutshell, like all animals in the animal kingdom, we're hardwired to respond to immediate gratification, or instant rewards, if you like. If something tastes good, we want more of it. If something tastes disgusting, we're going to avoid it. We're also hardwired to expend the least amount of energy as possible to get what we want, because that's more efficient, right? Why would I bother spending a whole day climbing a mountain in the hope that there might be a tree bearing some delicious fruit when I have a slightly less tasty but perfectly adequate food source right here, right now? But since the time of our early evolution, when we were living off the land and foraging and hunting, our world has changed immensely. So if we translate that instinctive, innate human nature to our modern world, you can see how difficult it is to overcome our natural instincts. There are so many opportunities everywhere for instant gratification—TV, Facebook, Instagram, takeaway food, just to mention a few. Why wouldn't we gravitate to what's comfortable and instantly gratifying instead of striving for those distant, hard-to-achieve goals? We also like to run on autopilot. We're creatures of habit. We like our routine. So you can see how trying to make changes that are uncomfortable, that might push us out of our comfort zone for longer-term advantages, is actually really hard. We're not lazy. We're not bad people. We just have to find a way to overcome our natural tendency to take the easy, immediate option.

So how do we get started? How do we get motivated? How do we become that awesome person that just gets stuff done?

First of all, let's just get rid of one big myth about motivation. When you're thinking about a task you've got to tackle, how many times have you said, or maybe heard someone else say, "Eh, I'm just not in the mood," or "I don't feel inspired right now." This is a huge trap we fall into. We think we need to be ready and motivated before we start a task. But the actual truth is, if you think about what I said earlier, most of the time our human nature is going to want to take the comfortable, easy way. Anything that challenges us, anything that takes us out of our comfort zone, is going to create anxiety. And then that anxiety is going to put the brakes on—"Whoa, no, I'm not ready." So we can't actually rely on our emotions to guide our actions, because that's literally doing things in the wrong order. The feel-good part, or the motivation if you will, comes as a result of taking action, of taking those small steps every day to build confidence that we're moving towards our goals. That gives us the pride that we're acting in accordance to our values about the sort of person we aspire to be. I'm going to talk about values and how these help guide our actions in just a moment, but I can't stress enough that it's the things we have most control over, which are our thoughts and our actions, that are going to make the biggest difference here.

So let's try converting those struggles and problems you're currently having into goals or solutions using that first worksheet as a guide. On worksheet four, you'll see two columns. On the left-hand side are the things you're currently struggling with, so write those in, and then on the right-hand side, see if you can convert each of those into a goal. For instance, the example there is feeling isolated. In order to solve that problem, we need to turn it into a goal, which in this case would be getting more connected with our family and friends. Goals can cover any areas of life, not just study or schoolwork. They might be fitness-related or health-related or to do with family or relationships. So just take a moment to have a go at that.

[Visual: On-screen worksheet appears for students to convert struggles into goals.]

Did you manage to come up with some goals for yourself? Setting goals is good, they're important, but the problem is they're usually too big and too far in the future. And because of that, they can often feel overwhelming. The other problem is that I might achieve a goal, like getting a good grade or cleaning up my room, but if I've done it by the last minute cramming the night before or spending a whole afternoon having a blitz on my room, yes, I might feel good when it's done, but that good feeling is only going to last a short while and I haven't actually changed anything about my habits. So the procrastination will continue, the mess is going to start building up again, and before long, I'm back to square one and I haven't made any changes. I'm still a messy person. I'm still someone who leaves studying until the last minute.

So although it's important to keep goals in mind, what we need to work on to make a lasting change are the small daily habits, the things we need to do on a regular basis. There's lots of ways to do this, but I particularly like the ideas that James Clear talks about in his book, Atomic Habits, as well as Mel Robbins' five-second rule. You can check them out on YouTube and you'll find some references to their work at the end of your handbook.

Basically, with the five-second rule, Mel Robbins is talking about the discovery she made that when we think about doing something, we have roughly a five-second window to act on that thought before our mind intervenes and shuts it down, particularly if it's something challenging and outside our comfort zone. She calls it the emergency brake. So if I think I really need to start that essay, if I don't immediately get up and walk to my desk within five seconds of having that idea, my mind will come up with a reason or an excuse not to—"It's too hard, I don't know how to start," and I'll procrastinate instead. "I promise I'll get up really early and do it tomorrow."

So this idea of taking immediate action is a bit like what I call the Nike principle—the just do it principle. Just show up, sit down at your desk, and start writing. The hardest part always is starting something. Page one is much harder than page two or three or four, and you need to accept that you're never ever going to feel like it. Well, maybe sometimes if you're particularly inspired, but most of the time, never ever. But just show up anyway. And when you show up on a consistent daily basis, not only are you building a path to your goal, but you're building confidence in yourself, you're building trust in yourself, and your motivation starts to rise as a consequence. Can you see how that works?

Importantly, we need to try and make it as easy as possible to show up. Small, sustainable habits lead to lifelong changes, but they're only possible because they're small. If you say to yourself, "I'm going to study for six hours straight tonight for my maths exam tomorrow," if you don't achieve it, you're going to beat yourself up, and it's quite likely you won't achieve that goal. Sometimes we fail because we make those steps too big or too difficult.

So on the worksheet in front of you, or up to worksheet five now, there's some ideas about how to make these steps small and achievable. Have a look at these and see if any of them could be useful for you:

One is to set yourself a reasonable time limit. That might be as simple as two minutes—"I'm going to give myself two minutes to quickly wipe down the bathroom surface," or two minutes to pick up the clothes on the floor and put them in the washing basket. "I'm going to give myself 10 minutes to write the first paragraph of that English essay," or jot down some notes, or just write anything basically. If that's all you get done, brilliant, that's great. You've kept your part of the contract with yourself, but you might also find that once you start, it's easier to do a little bit more because you've got the momentum now, you've started an action, and then it's easier to keep going.

The other thing you can do to help you is to remove those distractions that are intrinsically rewarding. Put your phone in another room, shove it in a drawer, put it on silent. If possible, work somewhere where there are less distractions and noise. Now, if you're in lockdown and all the family's home, that's going to be really hard. If you don't have your own space, that's also going to be really hard. If it's too noisy at home, and if you're not in lockdown, then try and get out and find somewhere quieter to work—maybe the school library or the local library. But try as much as possible to get rid of anything that's likely to distract you from what your task is.

Another idea is to combine what you want to do with what you don't want to do. For instance, I don't like cleaning my room, but if I put headphones on and listen to music or a podcast, it makes the task less unpleasant.

It's important to be specific. Make a clear plan or intention and write it down somewhere, and stick it somewhere you're going to see it. Make sure to include when, where, what, and for how long. For example, you could say, "This week I'm going for a half an hour walk around the neighbourhood every day at 4.30pm."

It really also helps to reward yourself for every day you show up and stick to your plan. We like instant rewards, remember? The reward can be as simple as marking off each day's achievement on a calendar or chart, giving yourself a tick, or it might be a tangible reward, like watching an episode of your favourite series later in the day.

Which brings us to what I think is the final key to the puzzle of motivation, which is our sense of identity and values, our inspiration for doing the things we do and showing up every day no matter what.

So what are values and how are they different to goals? Okay, so goals are things you can tick off, like running the City to Surf. They are things that we want to achieve or get. Values, on the other hand, don't have an end point or outcome. Rather, they're things we want to do or be, like being a good friend or being trustworthy. Values are about what matters to you, what's important to you in the big picture. And interestingly, the more you take action guided by your values, the more likely you are to be motivated and to feel a sense of wellbeing.

Have a look at worksheet six.

[Visual: On-screen worksheet appears for students to reflect on their values and identity.]

What we're trying to do here is figure out what's really important to us, what we stand for, and what sort of person do we want to be. So let's do a little time travelling. Imagine that it's 10 years in the future. It's your birthday and everyone is sharing stories about 2020. What stories do you want people to share about you? What would you like them to be saying about how you coped with this unbelievable time in our history? What stories would you want to tell about this time, about how you coped with this pandemic and lockdown in the middle of your final years of school or early years of studying at uni? What did you learn about yourself? How did you grow?

Another way of looking at this is to think about what are the things you want to be known for? For instance, "I was that person that got stuff done despite the difficulties. I was there for my friends and family." This is going to take some time to think about, so do what you can in the time you have now and maybe just come back to it later if you don't get it all finished.

The reason that values are so important is that once we have an idea of what sort of person we aspire to be, it can help guide the decisions we make every day and helps motivate us to do things that aren't instantly gratifying.

Let me explain that a little bit more. Often we focus on the goal instead of the habits needed to get to that goal. If you think back to the previous worksheets, the goals you identified might've been big and far off in the future, but it's actually the small daily habits that are going to make the difference. So my goal may be to run a marathon, but actually the habit I need to get into is to train every day for however many months to achieve that goal. If I only focus on the goal, there are going to be days when it's hard to show up—it's too cold, it's raining, I'm sore, and so on. But if instead of focusing on the goal, I focus on my identity, it makes it a whole lot easier. Instead of "I want this," it becomes "I am this." If I say to myself, "I'm an athlete" instead of "I want to run a marathon," or "I'm the type of person who likes to learn, who never quits, who enjoys new challenges, or is a good friend or I'm good at whatever it might be, whatever your special skill might be," then it makes a huge difference because then you start acting in a way that's in line with who you believe yourself to be, who you aspire to be. You may be thinking, "I don't have any special skills or high aspirations." That's okay. There will still be things that I'm sure are important to you—trying your best, persisting with something, or helping others for instance. So true behaviour change is actually linked to identity. And once you've recognised and acknowledged what's important to you, how you think about yourself, then it's so much easier to show up every day, even if you're not super motivated.

I hope you're starting to see how all of this ties together. If you take a look at worksheet seven, you'll see how you can use the ideas I've talked about today to formulate a plan of action for yourself. Let's work through this together using my example from earlier.

[Visual: On-screen worksheet appears for students to create their own action plan.]

Okay, so I identify as someone who loves to learn new things. It's also really important to me to finish something that I started. Now, what I'm struggling with is completing that online course I started. What I'm saying to myself is, "It's too hard. Why am I even bothering?" What I'd say to a friend: "I know it's hard right now with all the worry and distraction of COVID-19, but remember it's okay to make mistakes. That's how we learn and grow. You can do this." What's my goal? To pass the course. What's getting in the way? I'm procrastinating and doing other things instead of studying. The consequence is I'm feeling discouraged and disappointed in myself. What are the things that I can do on a daily basis that are in line with my values and how I see myself? I can set a specific intention. This week, I'm going to study for my course every morning for one hour between 10 to 11am. Or I could commit to 10 minutes of study, and if it's not working, then I need to come back and try again. I'm going to put my phone on silent and put it in another room. I'm not sure if I could combine it with music without it being distracting, but I could maybe try some classical music in the background. If I achieve my goal, I'll give myself a tick on my calendar. I'll also reward myself by catching up with a friend or watching a movie later. I'll give you a minute to put in your own ideas.

I hope these ideas have helped you to think about yourself differently and what you can change right here, right now, to start being yourself again. I hope you've enjoyed this video. If you have any questions, please leave them in the comments below. I'll see you next week. Bye.

[Visual: Jess smiles and waves goodbye.]

I'd really recommend taking some time, either straight after this video finishes, or even sometime during the next few days to go back over the worksheets and finish them if you haven't already.

Let's talk about resilience for a moment. Resilience can mean many things, but to me, it means the mental and emotional strength to handle difficulties, to overcome tough times and come back even stronger. Resilience isn't something that's fixed. It isn't a quality that you either possess or don't possess. It's a result. It arises out of all the things we've talked about today—the way you think about yourself, the things you do to keep going, the vision you have of the type of person you are, and what you can contribute to your community and the world at large.

However, if you are overwhelmed right now, if you're struggling with emotional distress or poor sleep, it's hard to function and build resilience. And so if you do find yourself in this situation, I urge you to please talk to someone. Put your hand up and get help. Use your support system. It's okay to not be okay, but what's not okay is to try and deal with your problems on your own.

Learning how to deal with strong emotions is often about knowing what makes you feel better when you're feeling bad. Here are some ideas of what to do when it's all getting too hard:

First of all, identify and accept whatever emotion is coming up for you. There's always a reason for our emotions, but often we try and push them away or tell ourselves we shouldn't be feeling this. Just allow it to be there.

The second thing is that we get frightened of strong emotions because we think they're going to overwhelm us, but they don't if we just accept them. Think of it like riding a wave—there's a peak and then it fades away. But if you can distract yourself with an activity while you're waiting for it to fade, it'll be easier. There's some ideas there to get you started, but you might be able to add more of your own.

Thirdly, use your senses to soothe you. Pick things that you think might help and try them out. If one doesn't work, try something else. Soon you'll get really good at knowing what works for you.

And lastly, practise skills like relaxation, mindfulness or yoga. Go on an imaginary journey in your mind to a place that makes you feel relaxed and happy and safe. Imagine as many details of the scene as you can. If you're freaking out, just take some slow, deep breaths and pay attention to your surroundings. Try to describe five things you can see, five things you can hear and five things you can touch.

In your workbook, you'll also find some tips on sleep strategies, a slow breathing exercise for anxiety and some self-care tips.